Evaluation of peripheral natural killer cell as a risk factor for women with spontaneous abortion
Abstract
Background: Spontaneous abortion (SA) is one of the major pregnancy disorders and poses a serious risk
to both the mother and the fetus. A large number of evidence confirms that there may be an immune
background to SA. The major possibility of apparently unexplained SA is thought to be caused by an
imbalance of immunological tolerance, a condition in which Natural killer NK cells may play an
important role. Increased peripheral Natural Killer Cell (pNK) activity may cause SA. The aim of the
current study is to find out whether natural killer cells have a role in abortion in women by measuring
their concentration in the blood using the ELISA technique.
Materials and methods: The current study includes 50 samples from spontaneous abortion SA women
and 30 samples from healthy pregnancy outcomes (control). Where it was collected from: Babylon
Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children and AL-Imam AL-Sadiq Teaching Hospital in Hilla City
during the period from October 2022 to December 2022. When an ultrasound scan confirmed the death of
the fetus and the signs of SA appeared on the patient, 3 ml of venous blood from patients and healthy
controls were collected by the physician, and the samples were used for immunological detection of pNK
cell levels by the ELISA method.
Results: Depending on the data that appeared in the work, there is a discrepancy in the concentrations
between patients and controls, but it doesn't reach the degree of significance. The statistical analysis
showed that the concentration of NK cells in patients was not significant compared with the controls'
means (107.33 and 80.229) respectively and the standard deviation (46.64 and 23.73).
Conclusion: Results from this study suggest that the NK cells themselves may not cause SA, but rather
that this rise may be due to another cause. This is because the concentration of natural killer cells isslightly elevated in the peripheral blood of aborted women compared to healthy women, and it is only
associated with cases of recurrent spontaneous abortion.
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